WHAT IS MOBILE LEARNING (M-LEARNING)?
Mobile learning is the ability to learn at any place and any time, facilitated by a range of mobile devices like PDA, Smartphone, Tablet PC and others.
MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES CLASSIFICATION
There are a lot of technologies are classed as “mobile” which means “portable” and “movable”. It is also can implicate as a “personal” or “shared” context. Therefore, it can categorize in two orthogonal dimensions. There are personal versus shared and portable versus static.
In the quadrant 1 of the figure shown that the devices are portable and personal which people always think of in relation mobile technologies like mobile phones, PDAs, tablet PCs, laptops and hand-held video game consoles. This category of devices is personal because it supported a single user. However, the networked nature of these devices can afford communication and information sharing. This means even the devices are personal but the information can be shared easily. Since these devices can be carry from one place to another place and available in many different locations so there are portable. Therefore, we can conclude these as personal portable technologies.
In quadrant 2 is shown another mobile technology that is less portable than mobile phones and PDAs but still can provide the personal interaction with learning experiences. The devices are the classroom response systems. These will have individual student devices which used to respond anonymously to multiple choice questions. These are administered by a teacher on a central server which is static and only can use in one location. However, it is still personal because of its small size and allocation to one single user (typically).
Next, another technology that gives learning experiences to user on the move but physically the devices are not movable is shown at quadrant 3. The devices are street kiosks, interactive museum display and other kinds of installations which provide pervasive access to information and learning experiences. In this case, the delivery technology is not portable but the learner is portable. These devices are less personal because these are shared between multiple users.
Lastly, the devices that provided more shareable interactions will become larger and less portable in order to support multi-user interactions. The devices are inn quadrant 4 such as the interactive classroom whiteboards and video-conferencing facilities.
PURPOSE OF MOBILE LEARNING
Mobile devices are becoming popular in the society and the price is affordable. There exists the culture and environment that we cannot live and survive without a mobile device. Nowadays, everyone is having at least one mobile phone with them. It is becoming an indispensable tool in our life. People can forget to bring anything even the purse to go out, but they will not forget to bring a mobile device go out with them. Therefore, we can extend this demand of mobility to the teaching and learning purposes. It is the golden time to integrate mobile options into learning and campus life now. Some of the institutions and universities in overseas had already moving to this mobile learning direction. In the future, mobile devices are going to be the new paper and pencil. We just need to bring a mobile device to study rather than the heavier textbook. Besides, from recent IBM study, it found that over half of the desktop computer users are willing to trade the PC for a Smartphone as internet usage. It is predicted in the year of 2013, the mobile internet user base will increase 30 percent to 5.8 billion users. So we should implement M-Learning from now. Furthermore, the learner is being mobile will have the access not only at anytime and anywhere but is all the time in everywhere.
MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY IN MOBILE LEARNINGMultimedia technology is formed by the combination of computer technology, communication technology and entertainment industries technology. Then, multimedia is any collection of media that combined into a single technology. Therefore, multimedia can be a combination of video, audio, text, animation, and others.
Mobile phone is able to create and play multimedia content so multimedia technology can be implemented in mobile learning. Nowadays every mobile phone is providing a larger and higher quality of color screen. This is enabling the students to read the learning materials in the mobile phones easily. Since multimedia is able to combine the text with graphics so the students are not only reading the text which can be boring. By looking at the images the students can remember and learn it easier.
Besides, many mobile phone models are able to capture, edit, and play back video, audio, and photographs. A student can capture anything that they found and related to their researches at elsewhere especially when they have learning activities at outdoor. Then, the student can share it with others by showing them what they found like the photo of any unknown specimen. Also, they can find more information on the new things and do discussion with lecturers or with other students based on the videos or photos.
Next, mobile phones are having larger storage capacity which is able to store the learning materials. A mobile phone can store many difference types of studying materials. Therefore, a student does not need to carry the heavier textbooks when they need to study. Besides, bring a mobile phone which is in a pocket size will be more convenient because the students can study at anytime and anywhere.
Lastly, mobile phones are providing network connectivity with PCs Internet and with Bluetooth and wireless. This type of network connectivity can support the mobile learning which is needed the networking connectivity. Networking connectivity enables the mobile learning to be done at anywhere and anytime. To start mobile learning, every student just needs to carry a mobile phone and connect to the network.
MOBILE METRICS REPORTSThe data above is obtained from AdMob Mobile Metrics Reports by region. From the manufacturer share of requests for the mobile devices, we can know the increasing and decreasing rate of the mobile device users. Then, by knowing the rate of the operating system share, we can see the important operating system for the mobile devices. With the operating system, the mobile devices can work like the computer.
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